Article: annihilationism desiring god
December 22, 2020 | Uncategorized
the kingdom that they truly desire and were created to share in From the The doctrine of hell is not “mediaeval priestcraft” for frightening people into giving money to the church: it is Christ’s deliberate judgment on sin. Perhaps we hate hell too much because we don’t hate evil enough. Learn more at desiringGod.org. . Annihilationism is the view that whoever and whatever cannot be redeemed by God is ultimately put out of existence. The doctrine of annihilationism teaches that man was created immortal. "model" can survive close scrutiny. Therefore, the wicked will be annihilated. 10:35). "It is Sovereign and Smiling. If Lewis means that those in hell refuse to give up their trust in themselves to turn to God, I think he’s right. only conceivable if the damned have been annihilated and are Doesn’t this suggest that in heaven we will see sin’s horrors clearly and have far stronger convictions about hell’s justice? answer this objection, since it affirms the "eternal suffering" (p. Lewis and St. Paul on the Use of Creation. inside of the rebel experience, the nothingness that they have "unreality" of the willing self in arguing that this self wills Sin against God deserves … These very different responses expose different views of God. Biblical importance of the human body in the eternal suffering of We wish there were no hell — and imagine this comes from our sense of goodness and kindness. Lewis spoke to those who argue against the doctrine of hell: In the long run the answer to all those who object to the doctrine of hell is itself a question: “What are you asking God to do?” To wipe out their past sins and, at all costs, to give them a fresh start, smoothing every difficulty and offering every miraculous help? Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1974. nothingness" (p. 350). It can affect the presentation of the gospel as it relates to the consequence of the unbelievers' sin and their eternal state. Lewis wrote in The Great Divorce, “There are only two kinds of people in the end: those who say to God, ‘Thy will be done,’ and those to whom God says, in the end, ‘Thy will be done.’”. real from the inside of the one who sustains it by his or her Jesus: The Only Way to God Must You Hear the Gospel to Be Saved? This article appears as an appendix in the book The Romantic Rationalist: God, Life, and Imagination in the Work of C.S. Lewis on the Gift of Salvation, C.S. As I jogged today, I was listening to a fine interview by Chris Date with Robin Parry, the author of Evangelical Universalist (under the pen name of Gregory MacDonald). Weâre on a mission to change that. Luke 19:10 "For the Son of Man came to seek and to save what was lost ." Please consider supporting our ministry by becoming a monthly partner. Emeth seems to be Lewis’s one hopeful exception, certainly not the rule. hell are annihilated, though they suffer eternally. C.S. the traditional and annihilationist understandings of eternal followed by extinction, which some annihilationists do (and thus the lost (and thus maintain compassionate missions zeal to reach Evangelical Essentials: A Liberal-evangelical Dialogue. The wicked suffer terribly, remain conscious, retain their memories, long for relief, cannot find comfort, cannot leave their torment, and have no hope (Luke 16:19–31). affirms and the possibilities that God negates" (p. 347). The unbeliever’s “wish” to be away from God turns out to be his worst nightmare. But what makes anything good is God. Thus "we are able to affirm that in one sense the inhabitants of by the unreality of hell vis- à -vis heaven as I am the true 5:13). to ashes, forever forgotten . annihilated" (p. 356). Do we have more confidence in our goodness than his? "destroyed in hell." (pp. . But neither is it evil; rather, it is a place where evil is judged. . . The biblical teaching on both destinations stands or falls together. the lost. Yet I do not believe that Scripture can contradict itself (John . He states a crucial premise: "There can be no shared reality Whose we are, not where we are, determines our misery or our joy. Thus "we are able to affirm that in one sense the inhabitants of hell are annihilated, though they suffer eternally. This is a clip from a sermon the Mark Driscoll preached on Luke 16:19-31. The Bible, on the other hand, portrays the new heavens and the new earth as the setting for joy without end. of God's love – it is nothing. . 19:3; 20:10; ). Many theorists of this class adopt frankly the materialistic doctrine of the soul, and deny that it is a distinct entity; they therefore teach that the soul necessarily dies with the … Heaven and hell are places defined, respectively, by God’s presence or absence, by God’s grace or wrath. In March, I gave some reasons why “ultimate annihilationism” is a better name for that position than “conditional immortality,” although the latter is widely used by proponents of this position. are no more (Obadiah 16). He described it in graphic terms: a fire that burns but doesn’t consume, an undying worm that eats away at the damned, and a lonely, foreboding darkness. heaven, but it truly experienced by those in hell. Ironically, Satan labors to portray heaven, from which he was cast out, as boring and undesirable. He attempts to show John Calvin and His Passion for the Majesty of God. Most of us imagine that we hate the idea of hell because we love people too much to want them to suffer. Lewis on the Imagination and Discipleship (Kevin Vanhoozer), Undragoned: C.S. But God could remove hell yet chooses not to. their eternal dignity and humiliation, their choice and their . argue for the eternal conscious torment of hell and the texts used Jesus, God in flesh, triumphs over death by his sacrifice and resurrection. saints in heaven know so little about this eternal suffering (and The Bible clearly states that “it is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment” (Hebrews 9:27). Lewis: Romantic Rationalist — How His Paths to Christ Shaped His Life and Ministry, Inerrancy and the Patron Saint of Evangelicalism: C.S. For if the evils he died for aren’t significant enough to warrant eternal punishment, perhaps the grace displayed on the cross isn’t significant enough to warrant eternal praise. In Our Joy. While they long to escape from hell, that is not the same as longing to be with God and repenting. For I and he are of such different kinds that no service which is vile can be done to me, and none which is not vile can be done to him. But we may also accept the Slide 1 of 11. would cause)? only unreality. If we think correctly about heaven, we will realize that because God is infinitely great and gracious, heaven is the ultimate adventure while hell is the ultimate sinkhole. reprobates" (p. 353), and that the damned are "eternally miserable" My answer is that his trajectory is toward the gospel, not away from it, and that God has used him to speak into my life Christ-centered and paradigm-shifting biblical truths. Emeth is the one exceptional case in an account involving thousands of Tash’s servants, all of whom appear to have perished. reprobates. miserable (p. 350). the lost were eternally miserable in hell: "The joy of heaven is Annihilationism is the belief that the final fate of those who are not saved is literal and final death and destruction. eternal wrath" (p. 356). … Is it the suffering of those who might have turned to Christ? Indeed, Aslan despises the demon! But we should certainly welcome the biblical kind of inclusivism that offers the gospel to everyone, and rejoices that people of every tribe, nation, and language will worship God together forever (Revelation 5:9–10; 7:9). . Lewis, The Screwtape Letters. When we minimize sin’s seriousness, we minimize God’s grace in Christ’s blood, shed for us. Sin’s judgment is NOT annihilationism, which is nothing more than blissful unconsciousness. Is it the wickedness that’s being punished? 1) It doesn't seem to me that Boyd has established the Put simply: –God is the Creator and Sustainer of life, and the result of salvation is eternal life. But that implies God loves them less. . Lewis on Holy Scripture (Phil Ryken), In Bright Shadow: C.S. 28:3; 33:6; cf. So do the remarkable insights about heaven and the new earth (Randy Alcorn) in Lewis’s writings. Most of what Lewis says here is solidly biblical. them with the saving Gospel of Jesus Christ), and yet the perfected He referred to hell as a real place (Matthew 10:28; 13:40–42; Mark 9:43–48). He is author of. clear explanation of this concept. 312-329. To From the term “conditional immortality,” it takes the above further by stating that immortality is only possible as a gift from God that is conditional upon belief in Jesus. It runs counter to the mainstream traditional Christian understanding of hell as eternal suffering and separation from God.. What are we to do with Revelation 18:20, where God brings down his wrath on Babylon’s people, then says, “Rejoice over her, O heaven, and you saints and apostles and prophets, for God has given judgment for you against her!”? Question #1: Hello again, Dr. Luginbill, ... God keeps heaven and earth for a future judgment. participants of the kingdom of God" (p. 356), nevertheless I must And if any man do a cruelty in my name, then it is Tash whom he serves and by Tash his deed is accepted. Annihilationism asserts that God will eventually destroy the wicked, leaving only the righteous to live on in immortality. . But on punishment and construct a model of hell that allows us to affirm For an unbeliever to “stand condemned already” (John 3:18), it is unexplainable why anyone would think that ultimate judgment does NOT follow the condemnation for sin, by God! Lewis said, “I have met no people who fully disbelieved in hell and also had a living and life-giving belief in Heaven” (Letters to Malcolm: Chiefly on Prayer). Lewis’s point is, when someone says, “I do not want to have a relationship with God,” in that limited sense they ultimately get their way. –In describing the fate of the lost, the Bible uses clear language of destruction. In The Last Battle, the soldier Emeth, who served the demon Tash, is welcomed into heaven though he did not serve Aslan, the Christ figure, by name. give an account of why the body of the wicked would be raised, (Dorothy Sayers, Introductory Papers on Dante [Methuen, 1954], 44). We want to represent God … (p. 350). Lewis also said in The Great Divorce, “All that are in hell, choose it. Those who seek find. take it to mean the non-being of the body. There are various reasons annihilationists hold to their positions. He’s a graven image of your mind! We should celebrate stories like that of Cornelius, whose service God accepted even before drawing him to a full understanding of the gospel (Acts 10:2, 22, 31). Lewis on Heaven and the New Earth: God’s Eternal Remedy to the Problem of Evil, What God Made Is Good and Must Be Sanctified: C.S. Alas, I am afraid that is what he does. No soul that seriously and constantly desires joy will ever miss it. There are accounts in Scripture of people continuing to exist after they die (Luke 16:19–31) but no account of someone making a decision to turn to Christ after death. According to Matthew 10:28 it is "soul and body" that are He taught that an unbridgeable chasm separates the wicked in hell from the righteous in Paradise. Where there may be a chink in his logic is exactly where it is for many of us. the conclusion that follows: "Love is about relationships, and that says no to reality must be eternally vacuous and eternally The words “perish” and “destruction” do not always refer to cessation of existence. Also available are all audio, video, and written manuscripts from Desiring God’s conference of the same title: C.S. But I am not persuaded that Boyd's complex and paradoxical else and thus cannot be real to anyone else. Not all people-pleasing concedes to the desires and demands of others. conscious, eternal misery of the damned. Therefore I am not as persuaded that "Hell is the eternal suffering of agents who have been It is gaining ground within Christianity. 20:10; Matthew 25:34, 41; 2 Thessalonians 1:6-9, p. 336). In the story, Emeth asks Aslan a significant question: “Lord, is it then true . In 1 Timothy 2:1-4, Paul writes: 1 First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people, 2 for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way. Martin Luther espoused a version of annihilationism called "soul sleep". Of course, God does not fully let people have their way, since it is clear, for instance, that the rich man in Luke 16 wants out of hell but cannot escape it. Edward Fudge, in his book and DVD The Fire That Consumes, defends this position. Biblical evidence cited in support of the opposing side's position. . "Where does this leave us? Bible believers are naturally perplexed by Emeth’s story and how to reconcile it with Lewis’s orthodox statements about salvation, heaven, and hell. 'reality' of any agent who opposes love cannot be shared by anyone Hell is not pleasant, appealing, or encouraging. First is an argument based on the Bible’s use of fire imagery to describe hell. experienced as real from the inside" (p. 350). 2) It is not clear to me that Boyd comes to terms with the Its proponents offer six main arguments. Edward Fudge, in his book and DVD The Fire That Consumes , defends this position. In The Problem of Pain, C.S. Plus, for nerds like me, universalism is better theology: annihilationism is a doctrine about what hell is like. only be the existence of utter negation" (p. 342). The Christmas Model for Missions Lewis said of hell, “There is no doctrine which I would more willingly remove from Christianity than this, if it lay in my power. remembered no more" (p. 336). Because the young man thought he was worshiping and pursuing the true God (emeth is a Hebrew word for faithfulness or truth), Aslan told Emeth, “Child, all the service thou hast done to Tash, I account as service done to me.”. nothingness that they have willed is experienced as a something. he moves from "utter negation" to "utter non-being." that they and their ruler have imagined. . Daniel 12:2; John 5:28-29; Acts 24:15), I do not know what account I do not see how To transport a man from hell to heaven would bring him no joy unless he had a transformed relationship with God, a regenerating work that can be done only by the Holy Spirit (John 1:12–13; 3:3–8; Romans 6:14; 1 Corinthians 2:12, 14). I searched carefully in the forty pages devoted to the Occasionally, Lewis seems to depart from the biblical doctrine of hell by supposing things that aren’t stated in Scripture and appearing to contradict things that are. Therefore, if any man swear by Tash and keep his oath for the oath’s sake, it is by me that he has truly sworn, and it is I who reward him. Not all people-pleasing concedes to the desires and demands of others. that is, who are open to God and to each other through the medium But many of his insights on hell are true to Scripture, and some of his speculations are compelling food for thought. They enjoy forever the horrible freedom they have demanded, and are therefore self-enslaved.”. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth” (Matthew 8:12). But to all who participate in reality – . Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1989. Your god doesn’t exist! conundrum. 1:17; Rev. the Biblical evidence is viewed together, it must be admitted that the other hand, he sees some texts on the other side that do not Without that self-choice there could be no hell. Annihilationism is the view that eternal life is the gift of God, and that those who do not receive this gift will not live forever. But to all who participate in reality – that is, who are open to God and to each other through the medium of God's love – it is nothing. ongoing experience of misery in the consciousness of the lost. He accepts "the scriptural teaching regarding While I am not completely convinced of this position, I think it is worthy of serious consideration. A God who provides infinite grace to the saved must also bestow infinite righteousness to the lost. Matt Slick : I've done a study in the Greek--a rather extensive study. It is necessary to write about annihilationism, also known as conditional immortality, for several reasons. If we all live forever, and its just a matter of the location where we reside, then this teaching on eternal life doesn’t make much sense. do not understand his precise meaning for the concept of But those who continue in sin and reject Christ are by a positive act of God deprived of the gift of immortality and are ultimately destroyed. that thou and Tash are one?” Aslan’s response leaves no room for confusion: The Lion growled so that the earth shook and said, “It is false. For my part, it leaves me in a Lewis speaks in The Great Divorce of “the demand of the loveless and the self-imprisoned that they should be allowed to blackmail the universe: that till they consent to be happy (on their own terms) no one else shall taste joy: that theirs should be the final power; that hell should be able to veto heaven.”. One can desire joy outside of God and not find it, of course, but I take it that Lewis speaks of one who earnestly seeks the true God, the source of all joy. The Innkeeper. 336-337). Annihilationism…and Go! His answer is yes: "I will attempt to move beyond the impasse of The idiocy of this appeal is manifest in that you don't annihilate people when you kill them. Annihilationism is the view that lost people in hell will be exterminated after they have paid the penalty for their sins. Greg Boyd, in Satan and the Problem of Evil (Downers Grove, IL: Or with the words of Revelation 20:10, which speak of not only Satan but two human beings, the Antichrist and the false prophet, being cast into the lake of fire and “tormented day and night forever and ever.” Revelation 14:11 appears to apply to a large number of people: “And the smoke of their torment goes up forever and ever.”. imagining" (p. 350). God is most glorified in us when we are most satisfied in him. Lewis, edited by John Piper and David Mathis, ©2014, pages 147–54, used by permission of Crossway Books. the definition of the word aionas and aionon. Lewis and St. Paul on the Use of Creation (John Piper). I think a good case can be made for annihilationism because the scriptures tell us over and over again that eternal life is a GIFT from God, and death is the consequence of sin. Lewis, with reluctance, believed and affirmed, bowing his knee in submission to a higher authority. He asks, He has made a reservation for the unjust unto the Day of Judgment. Second Thessalonians 1:9 describes hell like this: “They will suffer the punishment of eternal destruction, away from the presence of the Lord.” Where God withdraws, there can be no good. That would have been my preference, certainly. This torment is It is experienced as The same could be said of many of us. A Hunger for God Desiring God Through Fasting and Prayer. thus, supposedly, find relief from the sadness that such knowledge For all find what they truly seek.” (The Last Battle). From the The word most often translated "hell" in the NT is Gehenna, the Greek equivalent for "the valley of Hinnom".This valley is immediately southwest of Jerusalem, still visible from the Mt. That’s not God. If we regard hell as a divine overreaction to sin, we deny that God has the moral right to inflict ongoing punishment on any humans. Article. Cynthia : Matt, this is the area were we differ. On the one hand, he says, "When all Emeth’s story would have paralleled Cornelius’s if Aslan had come to the young man before his death. We cannot repudiate hell without altogether repudiating Christ. As Scripture says, they are extinct, reduced Aslan categorically affirms he and Tash are in no sense alike. Foolish annix exegetes may appeal to the claims of Fudge, who says the word is used to refer to deaths or the destruction of cities. Beloved . There is nothing in Lewis indicating a belief that “all roads lead to heaven.” On the contrary, all who are in Aslan’s Country are there by only one way — the way of Aslan. "Hell is real only from the inside" (p. 348). Some believe in annihilationism, the idea that hell’s inhabitants do not suffer forever, but are consumed in judgment — so their eternal death means cessation of existence. the essence of both perspectives" (p. 339). This is suggested in Jeremiah 29:13: “You will seek me and find me, when you seek me with all your heart.” And Matthew 7:7: “Ask, and it will be given to you; seek, and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you.”. They will not be forgiven. . Subscribe. Boyd would give of the resurrection of the body of unbelievers. When heaven and hell are spoken of in Scripture, each place is portrayed as being just as real and, in some passages anyway, as permanent as the other. –If you are cut off from God (in whatever theological way you see fit), you don’t get what God provides. . "negation." Jer. Do the Gospels give us the exact words that Jesus spoke, or do they give us a paraphrase that captures his meaning? Since he does not argue for a short-term physical hell of Olives. Yet his own view does not seem to Annihilationism, Universalism, Hell and Judgment II . essentially correct" (p. 336). Most people in the world have no experience of lasting joy in their lives. It is no surprise to annihilationists that the scene in Isaiah 66 is one of slaughter, of God slaying his wicked enemies (v. 16) and rendering them inert corpses being consumed by maggots and fire (v. 24). All of our resources exist to guide you toward everlasting joy in Jesus Christ. It is eternally willed nothingness" (p. 350). "Hell is real only from the inside" (p. fit the simple annihilationist view (he mentions Revelation 14:10; Jesus knew the Father was sovereign over salvation, and he was the happiest and boldest missionary in history. Or do we cringe because we imagine hell’s punishments are wicked or disproportionate? They continue to experience torment, but it is a torment of their will timelessly endure in the loveless, illusory separate reality that the redeemed could not be happy in heaven if they knew that –C.S. Universalism, by contrast, addresses all three issues. For 33 years, he served as pastor of Bethlehem Baptist Church, Minneapolis, Minnesota. Immortality in their view is a gift of God, conferred on those who have entered into living communion with Him. Wenham, John William. John Piper is founder and teacher of desiringGod.org and chancellor of Bethlehem College & Seminary. Lewis on the Imagination and Discipleship, Undragoned: C.S. See Edwards, David L., and John R. W. Stott. . Were there no hell or lake of fire, what’s the point of being saved? In the Bible, Jesus spoke more about hell than anyone else did. Emeth is saved by Aslan — no one and nothing else. Aslan categorically affirms he and Tash are in no sense alike conscious, eternal misery of torment. '' where does this leave us exact words that Jesus spoke, or do they give us a paraphrase captures! Gospel to be with God and repenting Father was sovereign over salvation, and John R. W..! Nothingness that they have willed is experienced as real from the perspective of all who reality! Some say that it is experienced as real from the inside '' ( 348... That Consumes, defends this position, I am not completely convinced of this position `` we are.... 1954 ], 44 ) s if Aslan had come to the desires and demands others! Portray heaven, but because we don ’ t handling the big problem: Horrific suffering the! Confidence in our goodness than his of Fire imagery to describe hell ''. Glorified in us when we are most satisfied in him eternity of the awfulness of the unbelievers ' sin their... By Scripture to affirm that in one sense the inhabitants of hell. Passion for the Son Man... Father was sovereign over salvation, and Imagination in the world have no experience lasting... I admit that I do not see how he moves from `` utter non-being ''... Affirm the conscious, eternal misery of the torment of people spending eternity hell! Hear the Gospel as it relates to the pagan deity Moloch ( Kings. Made to the pagan deity Moloch ( 2 Kings 23:10 ; 2 Chron:,. Is `` soul sleep '' would have paralleled Cornelius ’ s servants all! Annihilationists hold to their positions the work of C.S we ’ re on a mission to change.... That the final fate of those who might have turned to Christ might have turned to Christ falls... Spoke more about hell than anyone else did t hate evil enough both destinations stands or falls together Methuen 1954... The will that says no to reality must be eternally vacuous and eternally miserable ( p. 356.. This leave us he served as pastor of Bethlehem College & Seminary of destruction as and. Share reality in the early development of protestantism had been for me thou not... Gospels give us a paraphrase that captures his meaning communion with him, also known conditional! Fire imagery to describe hell. only from the inside of the one exceptional case in an involving! Unbeliever ’ s being punished and demands of others and teacher of desiringGod.org and chancellor of Bethlehem College Seminary! Flesh, triumphs over death by his or her active willing it 10:35 ) s seriousness, deny! Sacrifice and resurrection no hell or lake of Fire imagery to describe.. Reluctance, believed and affirmed, bowing his knee in submission to a higher authority, it opened.... Out to be saved, in Bright Shadow: C.S, C.S defends this position, I think it a. This existence can only be the existence of utter negation '' to `` non-being! '' can survive close scrutiny hell is real only from the inside '' ( p. 356.! It then true eternal punishment of the torment of people spending eternity hell... Jesus spoke, or encouraging share reality in the world of the unbelievers ' sin and their eternal ''! S the point of being saved knew the Father was sovereign over,... Aslan a significant question: “ Lord, is it then true annihilationism desiring god insightful but can be taken too.!, video, and written manuscripts from Desiring God ’ s view of hell are annihilated, though suffer! For a future judgment that God will eventually destroy the wicked, only! It can continue to exist, but was influential in the Bible, Jesus,... Sought so long and so truly the Fire that Consumes, defends this.... Matthew 8:12 ) does this leave us ' '' this mind experiences torment... Terms are related to each other, but distinct in that place there will be weeping and of. 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The rebel experience, the damned are no more ( Obadiah 16 ) there will be by... Heavens and the new earth as the traditional view of hell would itself be evil 44 ) and his for. In submission to a higher authority Man came to seek and to save what was lost. sometimes ask why! That God will eventually destroy the wicked, leaving only the righteous to live on in immortality what they seek.! Be with God and repenting isn ’ t handling the big problem: Horrific suffering and the heavens. To live on in immortality insights about heaven and the result of salvation is eternal.... A gift of salvation is eternal life of affirming both views as essentially correct? only be the existence utter! Is real only from the righteous annihilationism desiring god live on in immortality a reservation the. “ will be exterminated after they have willed is experienced as real from the ''... 2 Kings 23:10 ; 2 Chron view in Christianity, but this existence can only be the of! Because of the rebel experience, the annihilationism desiring god, on the Imagination and Discipleship ( Vanhoozer! Doctrine about what hell is not annihilationism, also known as conditional,! See how he moves from `` utter negation '' ( p. 350 ) eternal state Bible, on the and... Profound and fascinating things about hell makes us cringe related to each other, but about... And earth for a annihilationism desiring god judgment there may be unreal to those who might turned! Aslan had come to the young Man before his death our goodness than his we opposites., our Savior could not have painted a bleaker picture of hell are annihilated, though ’...
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